Statistics show glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide, and it is important to know that in the early stages, there are usually no symptoms. This is why Medicare says half of the people who have the disease do not know they have it.
The best way for someone to know if they have glaucoma is to get screened for it through a dilated eye exam with visual field testing. For seniors on Medicare, the program covers one glaucoma screening each year for individuals at high risk.
The National Eye Institute wants the public to know early treatment of the disease can stop the damage and protect your eyes from serious vision loss. People most at risk for glaucoma include those with diabetes, a family history, African Americans over the age of 50 and Hispanics aged 65 or older.
As stated earlier, glaucoma in the first stages does not generally exhibit symptoms for most people. Later on, symptoms include the loss of side (peripheral) vision and blind spots, and without treatment blindness. Since symptoms start so slowly, many people do not notice the change to their vision.
The cause of glaucoma is not known but it is linked to high pressure in the eyes; and one treatment is to lower the eye pressure through medication. While one or both eyes can be affected, some people with high eye pressure do not have glaucoma. There are several different types of the disease with open-angle glaucoma being the most common in the United States. Treatments include eye drops, lasers and surgery.
The National Eye Institute recommends getting a dilated eye exam every 1 to 2 years if you are over the age of 60 or at a higher risk for glaucoma. Many at high risk including those with diabetes or high blood pressure need to get a dilated eye exam at least once a year.
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